Assignments for PARKES' Principles of Microeconomics
class, Section 9, Fall 2017
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December 5, 2017 Chapter 18: Labor Markets
- The Markets for Factors of Production
- The Competitive Profit-Maximizing Firm
- The Production Function and the Marginal Product of Labor
- The Value of the Marginal Product of Labor = Price x MPL
- What causes the Labor Demand curve to shift? Output price, technological change, other factors supplies
- The Supply of Labor - trade-off between work and Leisure - Quiz #20: Backward Bending Individual Supply curve for labor
- Equilibrium in the Labor Market
- PowerPoint for Chapter 18: The Markets for the Factors of Production
December 7, 2017 Review Day
- PREVIEW and REVIEW for the Final Exam - Quiz #21 is the Online Survey in Bb Learn on the Writing assignments
December 13, 2017, 3:00 to 5:00 pm FINAL EXAM - ALL Chapters covered
PAST ASSIGNMENTS:
November 28, 2017 Review the Exam and Begin Oligopoly discussion
November 30, 2017 Chapter 17: Oligopoly Continued
- Oligopoly - an introduction
- Markets with only a few sellers
- A Duopoly Example
- Competition, Monopolies, and Cartels
- Nash Equilibrium
- How the size of an Oligopoly affects the Market Outcome
- The Prisoner' Dilemma
- Public Policy toward Oligopolies
- PowerPoint for Chapter 17: Oligopoly
Week 13
November 21, 2017 EXAM 3: Chapters 21 and 13 - 16
November 23, 2017 HAPPY THANKSGIVING!!!
November 14, 2017 Chapter 16: Monopolistic Competition
- Finish Chapter 15: Monopoly
- How Monopolies Make Production and Pricing Decisions
- Monopoly versus Competition
- A Monopoly's Revenue
- Profit Maximization
- A Monopoly's Profit/Loss
- Price Discrimination
- Profit and Loss in Monopoly
- PowerPoint for Chapter 15: Monopoly
- Chapter 16: Monopolistic Competition
- Between Monopoly and Perfect Competition
- Many Sellers, Product Differentiation, and Free Entry and Exit
- Competition with Differentiated Products
- The Firm's Short-Run Decisions: Profit, Loss, and Breakeven
- Excess Capacity and Markup over Marginal Cost
Advertising: Quality and Brand Names
PowerPoint for Chapter 16: Monopolistic Competition
November 16, 2017 Chapter 16: Monopolistic Competition
- REVIEW for EXAM 3
- Finish Chapter 16: Monopolistic Competition
- Between Monopoly and Perfect Competition
- Many Sellers, Product Differentiation, and Free Entry and Exit
- Competition with Differentiated Products
- The Firm's Short-Run Decisions: Profit, Loss, and Breakeven
- Excess Capacity and Markup over Marginal Cost
Advertising: Quality and Brand Names
PowerPoint for Chapter 16: Monopolistic Competition
November 7, 2017 Chapter 14: Firms in Competitive Markets continued
- Chapter 14: Firms in Competitive Markets continued
- Profit Maximization and the Competitive Firm's Supply Curve
- A Simple Example of Profit Maximization
- The Marginal Cost Curve and the Firm's Supply Decision
- The Firm's Short-Run Decision to Shut Down
- Spilt Milk and Other Sunk Costs
- The Firm's Long-Run Decision to Exit or Enter a Market
- Measuring Profit in our Graph for the Competitive Firm
- The Supply Curve in a Competitive Market
- Profit and Loss in Perfect Competition
- Quiz #14: PC in Short and Long-Run for an increasing cost industry and A Decrease in Demand in an ICI
PowerPoint for Chapter 14: Firms in Competitive Markets
November 9, 2017 Chapter 15: Monopoly
October 31, 2017 Chapter 13: The Costs of Production continued
- Chapter 13: The Costs of Production
- What are Costs?
- Total Revenue, Total Cost, and Profit
- Costs as Opportunity Costs: Implicit versus Explicit Costs
- The Cost of Capital as an Opportunity Cost
- Economic Profit Versus Accounting Profit
- Production and Costs
- The Production Function
- Marginal Product - it is diminishing as output increases
- From the Production to the Total-Cost Curve
- The Various Measures of cost
PowerPoint for Chapter 13: The Costs of Production
November 2, 2017 Finish Chapter 13 and Chapter 14: Firms in Competitive Markets
- Chapter 14: Firms in Competitive Markets
- What is a Competitive Market?
- The Meaning of Competition
- The Revenue of a Competitive Firm
- Marginal Revenue and Average Revenue
- Profit Maximization and the Competitive Firm's Supply Curve
- A Simple Example of Profit Maximization
- The Marginal Cost Curve and the Firm's Supply Decision
- The Firm's Short-Run Decision to Shut Down
PowerPoint for Chapter 14: Firms in Competitive Markets
October 24, 2017 Chapter 13: The Costs of Production
- Review Exam II
- Chapter 13: The Costs of Production
- What are Costs?
PowerPoint for Chapter 13: The Costs of Production
October 26, 2017 In Kansas City at an Economics Conference
- No Class! (time to work on Paper #2)
October 17, 2017 Review for the Exam
- REVIEW for Exam II!
- Review of all the Chapters covered for the exam.
- Chapter 21: The Theory of Consumer Choice
- Optimization: What the Consumer Chooses
PowerPoint for Chapter 21: The Theory of Consumer Choice
October 19, 2017 EXAM 2: Chapters 7 - 11 and 21 (in part)
October 10, 2017 Chapter 10: Externalities
- Chapter 10: Externalities
- Externalities and Market Inefficiency
- Welfare Economics: A Recap
- Negative Externalities
- Positive Externalities
- Internalizing the Externality:
- Public Policies toward Externalities
- Command-and-Control Policies: Regulation
- Market-Based Policy 1: Corrective Taxes and Subsidies
- Market-Based Policy 2: Tradable Pollution Permits
- Objections to the Economic Analysis of Pollution
Today's PowerPoint on Pigouvian Subsidies and Taxes
PowerPoint for Chapter 10: Externalities
Chapter 11: Public Goods and Common Resources
4 Different Kinds of Goods
- Two questions: Is the good rival? Is it excludable?
- Private, Public, and Club Goods, and Common Resources
The Free-Rider Problem
PowerPoint for Chapter 11: Public Goods and Common Resources
October 12, 2017 Chapter 11 continued and Chapter 21: The Theory of Consumer Choice
- Chapter 11: Public Goods and Common Resources
- 4 Different Kinds of Goods
- Two questions: Is the good rival? Is it excludable?
- Private, Public, and Club Goods, and Common Resources
- The Free-Rider Problem
- The Difficult Job of Cost-Benefit Analysis
- Common Resources
- The Tragedy of the Commons
- Some Important Common Resources
PowerPoint for Chapter 11: Public Goods and Common Resources
Chapter 21: The Theory of Consumer Choice
The Budget Contraint: What the Consumer Can Afford
Preferences: What the Consumer Wants
- Indifference Curves - how to draw them
- MRS: the Marginal Rate of Substitution
- Four Properties of Indifference Curves
- Two extremes: Perfect Substitutes and Perfect Complements
Optimization: What the Consumer Chooses
- The Consumer's Optimal Choices
- FYI: Utility: An Alternative Way to Describe Preferences
- Income and Price Changes
PowerPoint for Chapter 21: The Theory of Consumer Choice
October 3, 2017 Chapter 9: Application: International Trade
- Paper #1 Due in Bb Learn: Minimum Wage Revised at 11:59 pm
- Chapter 9: Application: International Trade
- The Determinants of Trade
- Equilibrium without Trade
- The World Price and Comparative Advantage
- Winners and Losers from Trade
- The Gains and Losses of an Exporting Country
- The Gains and Losses of an Importing Country
- Effects of a Tariff
- Lessons for Trade Policy
- Other Benefits of International Trade
PowerPoint for Chapter 9: Application: International Trade
October 5, 2017 Continue Chapter 9: Application: International Trade and Chapter 10: Externalities
- Chapter 9: Application: International Trade
- Review The Determinants of Trade
- Arguments for Restricting Trade
- The Jobs Argument
- The National Security Argument
- The Infant Industry Argument
- The Unfair Competition Argument
- The Protection as a Bargaining Chip Argument
- Effects of a Tariff Quiz 8: Tariff Welfare Effects and DWL effects
- PowerPoint for Chapter 9: Application: International Trade
- Chapter 10: Externalities
- Externalities and Market Inefficiency
- Welfare Economics: A Recap
- Negative Externalities
- Positive Externalities
- Private Sollutions to Externalities
- The Coase Theorem
- Why Private Solutions Do NOT always Work
PowerPoint for Chapter 10: Externalities
September 26, 2017 Review the Exam and Introduce Chapter 7: Consumers, Producers, and the Efficiency of Markets
- We will review the exam - QUIZ on the EXAM!
- Chapter 7: Consumers, Producers, and the Efficiency of Markets
- Consumer Surplus
- Willingness to pay
- Using the Demand Curve to Measure Willingness to Pay
- How a lower price raises consumer surplus
- What Does Consumer Surplus Measure?
- Figure 3 in the text - Price changes
- Producer Surplus
- Cost and Willingness to Sell
- How a Higher Price Raises Producer Surplus
- Figure 6 in the Text - Price changes
- Market Efficiency
- The Benevolent Social Planner
- Evaluating the Market Equilibrium
PowerPoint for Ch 7: Consumers, Producers, and the Efficiency of Markets
Articles Discussed in class today:
U.S. and Canadian Heavy Oil replaces OPEC production cuts
Permian Basin, Texas Land Rush
Texas Oil Fields Rebound Lean and Mean, less workers, more tech!
Video of New Shale play in Oklahoma
September 28, 2017 Chapter 7: Consumers, Producers, and the Efficiency of Markets
- Introduction to Chapter 8: Application: The Costs of Taxation
- The Deadweight Loss of Taxation
- How a Tax Affects Market Participants
Chapter 8: Application: The Costs of Taxation
The Deadweight Loss of Taxation
- How a Tax Affects Market Participants
- Welfare without a tax, Welfare with a Tax, Changes in Welfare
- Deadweight Losses and the Gains from Trade
The Determinants of the Deadweight Loss
Deadweight Loss and Tax Revenue as Taxes Vary
Quiz #7: Applying the ideas of CS and PS to the Incidence of a Tax
Quiz #7 Answers from Chapter 7
The Laffer Curve
PowerPoint for Chapter 8: Application: The Costs of Taxation
September 19, 2017 Chapter 6: Supply, Demand, and Government Policy
- REVIEW
- Chapter 6: Supply, Demand, and Government Policy
- Controls on Prices
- Price ceilings
- Price floors (minimum wage, for example)
- Taxes
- Sellers instituting a tax
- Buyers instituting a tax
- Skip the elasticity affecting a tax part - Micro
PowerPoint for Chapter 6: Supply, Demand, and Government Policy
September 21, 2017 EXAM 1: Chapters 1 - 6
September 12, 2017 Chapter 4: The Market Forces of Supply and Demand (continued)
- Chapter 4: The Market Forces of Supply and Demand
- Equilibrium: Qd=Qs
- Surplus
- Shortage
- 3 Steps to Changes in Equilibrium
- Note what Ambiguous means
PowerPoint for Chapter 4: The Market Forces of Supply and Demand
Chapter 5: Elasticity and Its Application
Price Elasticity of Demand and Its Determinants
Computing Price Elasticity of Demand
- The Midpoint Method
- Percentage Change in Qd over Percentage Change in Price
4 Determinants of Price Elasticity of Demand
- Availability of Substitutes
- Narrowly versus Broadly defined goods
- Necessities versus Luxuries
- Long-run versus short-run
Quiz 4: Elasticity and the Answers to the 2 Elasticity questions
Review for Exam #1
PowerPoint for Ch 5: Elasticity and Its Application
Tesla becomes an Electricity Provider
September 14, 2017 Chapter 5: Elasticity and Its Application
- Chapter 5: Elasticity and Its Application
- Price Elasticity of Demand and Its Determinants
- Computing Price Elasticity of Demand
- The Midpoint Method
- Percentage Change in Qd over Percentage Change in Price
- Variety of Demand Curves
- Total Revenue and Price Elasticity of Demand
- Elasticity and TR along a Linear Demand Curve
- Other Demand Elasticities
- Elasticity of Supply
- Computing Elasticity of Supply
- 3 Applications of Supply, Demand, and Elasticity
PowerPoint for Ch 5: Elasticity and Its Application
Chapter 6: Supply, Demand, and Government Policy
Controls on Prices
- Price ceilings
- Price floors (minimum wage, for example)
Taxes
- Sellers instituting a tax
- Buyers instituting a tax
Quiz 5: Flag's gas market and the Answers
PowerPoint for Chapter 6: Supply, Demand, and Government Policy
September 5, 2007: Chapter 3: Interdependence and Gains from Trade
- Chapter 3: Interdependence and Gains from Trade
- A Parable for the Modern Economy
- Comparative Advantage
- Absolute Advanatage
- Opportunity Cost and Comparative Advantage
- Comparative Advantage and Trade
- The Price of Trade
- Applications:
- Serena Williams, Should she mow the lawn?
- Should we trade with other nations?
Article from Bloomberg.com on Boeing discussed in class
PowerPoint for Chapter 3: Interdependence and Gains from Trade
September 7, 2017 Chapter 4: The Market Forces of Supply and Demand
- Chapter 4: The Market Forces of Supply and Demand
- What is a Market? A competitive Market?
- Demand Side
- The price of the good, movement along the curve
- Shifts: P-P-P-INT
- Supply Side
- The price of the good, movement along the curve
- Shifts: P-P-EST
- Equilibrium: Qd=Qs
- Surplus
- Shortage
- 3 Steps to Changes in Equilibrium
- Note what Ambiguous means
PowerPoint for Chapter 4: The Market Forces of Supply and Demand
August 29, 2007: FIRST DAY - Syllabus and Introduction, Chapter 1: Ten Principles of Economics
August 31, 2007: Chapter 2: Thinking Like An Economist
- Chapter 2: Thinking Like an Economist
- The Scientific Method and the Role of Assumptions
- The Circular Flow: The first model of Economics we will study
- Model 2: The Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF)
- Positive versus Normative Economics
- Why Economists Disagree
Quiz #2: Production Possibilities Frontier - BASICS
PowerPoint for Chapter 2: Thinking Like An Economist
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email: Andrew.Parkes(at)nau.edu or andrew(at)andrewparkes.com
Last Update: December 2, 2017
By Andrew L. H. Parkes, Ph. D.